UPSC CORE · NCERT GEOGRAPHY · CORE PHYSICAL INDIA — RIVERS (PENINSULAR FOCUS)
Peninsular Rivers — Depth Profile 📌
NCERT-aligned UPSC Core Geography topic from NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar). Every item is anchored to a real location on India's map — built for boards (CBSE, ICSE, state) and UPSC aspirants.
📚 NCERT TEXTBOOK ALIGNMENT
Class UPSC Geography — NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar) — Chapter: Core Physical India — Rivers (peninsular focus).
51LOCATIONS
266QUESTIONS
UPSC CORENCERT LEVEL
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Key locations covered (51)
- Narmada — Source: Amarkantak, MP; mouth: Gulf of Khambhat
- Tapi (Tapti) — Source: Multai, MP; mouth: Gulf of Khambhat (Surat)
- Mahanadi — Source: Sihawa, Chhattisgarh; mouth: Bay of Bengal (Paradip)
- Indravati — Source: Kalahandi (Odisha); joins Godavari at Bhadrakali
- Wainganga — Source: Mundara (Seoni MP); joins Wardha to form Pranhita
- Pranhita — Joins Godavari at Kaleshwaram, Telangana
- Godavari — Source: Trimbakeshwar, Nashik (MH); mouth: Antarvedi (AP)
- Krishna — Source: Mahabaleshwar, MH; mouth: Hamasaladeevi (AP)
- Tungabhadra — Source: Koodli (Karnataka); joins Krishna at Sangameshwaram
- Bhima — Source: Bhimashankar, MH; joins Krishna at Raichur
- Cauvery (Kaveri) — Source: Talakaveri, Kodagu (Karnataka); mouth: Poompuhar (TN)
- Periyar — Source: Sivagiri (Periyar TR); mouth: Vembanad Lake
- Bharathapuzha (Nila / Ponnani) — Source: Anaimalai (TN); mouth: Ponnani (Kerala)
- Vaigai — Source: Varushanad Hills (TN); mouth: Palk Bay (Ramnad)
- Pamba (Pampa) — Source: Pulachimalai (Kerala); mouth: Vembanad Lake
- Sabarmati — Source: Aravalli Hills (Udaipur, Rajasthan); mouth: Gulf of Khambhat
- Mahi — Source: Vindhyas at Sardarpur (Dhar, MP); mouth: Gulf of Khambhat
- Luni (Sagarmati / Salt River) — Source: Naga hills (Pushkar, Aravalli, Rajasthan); mouth: Rann of Kachchh
- Subarnarekha — Source: Nagri (Ranchi plateau, Jharkhand); mouth: Bay of Bengal
- Brahmani (Koel-Sankh) — Source: Koel + Sankh confluence (Rourkela); mouth: Bay of Bengal (Dhamra)
- Baitarani — Source: Gonasika (Keonjhar, Odisha); mouth: Dhamra estuary
- Vamsadhara — Source: Eastern Ghats (Kalahandi, Odisha); mouth: Bay of Bengal (Kalingapatnam)
- Nagavali (Langulya) — Source: Lakhbahal (Kalahandi, Odisha); mouth: Bay of Bengal (near Bhimili, AP)
- Palar — Source: Chennakeshava Hills (Kolar, Karnataka); mouth: Vayalur (Tamil Nadu)
- Pennar (Penneru) — Source: Nandi Hills (Chikkaballapur, KA); mouth: Bay of Bengal (Nellore)
- Ponnaiyar (South Pennar) — Source: Chennakeshava Hills (Kolar, KA); mouth: Bay of Bengal (Cuddalore)
- Sharavati — Source: Ambutirtha (Tirthahalli, Karnataka); mouth: Arabian Sea (Honavar)
- Kali (Kalinadi) — Source: Kushavali (Uttara Kannada, KA); mouth: Karwar (Arabian Sea)
- Netravati — Source: Bangrabalige (Yelaneeru ghat, KA); mouth: Arabian Sea (Mangaluru)
- Indus (Sindhu) — Peninsular Profile Page — Source: Senge Khabab spring near Mansarovar; mouth: Karachi (Pakistan)
- Wardha — Pranhita headstream — Maharashtra
- Penganga — Wardha tributary — Maharashtra/Telangana
- Sabari — Godavari tributary — Andhra Pradesh
- Manjira — Godavari tributary — Telangana
- Pravara — Godavari tributary — Maharashtra
- Purna — Tapi tributary — Maharashtra
- Girna — Tapi tributary — Maharashtra
- Koyna — Krishna tributary — Maharashtra
- Ghataprabha — Krishna tributary — Karnataka
- Malaprabha — Krishna tributary — Karnataka
- Tunga — Tungabhadra headstream — Karnataka
- Bhadra — Tungabhadra headstream — Karnataka
- Hemavati — Kaveri tributary — Karnataka
- Kabini — Kaveri tributary — Karnataka
- Bhavani — Kaveri tributary — Tamil Nadu
- Amaravati — Kaveri tributary — Tamil Nadu
- Noyyal — Kaveri tributary — Tamil Nadu
- Mandovi — Goa west-coast river — Goa
- Zuari — Goa west-coast river — Goa
- Kalindi — Karnataka west-coast river — Karnataka
- Tamraparni — Tamil Nadu south river — Tamil Nadu
Sample questions (12 of 266)
Where does the Narmada rise?
Amarkantak Plateau, Anuppur district, Madhya Pradesh (~1057 m)
Where does the Narmada drain?
Westwards into the Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea) near Bharuch, Gujarat
Length and basin area?
About 1312 km long; basin area ~98,800 km² across MP, Maharashtra, Gujarat
Why does the Narmada flow westwards (unlike most peninsular rivers)?
It occupies a rift / graben between the Vindhyan and Satpura ranges
Largest dam on the Narmada?
Sardar Sarovar Dam (Gujarat) — Narmada Valley Project
Important tributaries of the Narmada?
Tawa (largest, joins on the left at Hoshangabad), Hiran, Banjar, Sher, Burhner, Orsang
Famous gorges on the Narmada?
Marble Rocks at Bhedaghat (Jabalpur) and Dhuandhar Falls
Religious significance?
Considered one of the seven sacred rivers; 'Narmada Parikrama' is a 2600 km pilgrim circumambulation
Why is the Narmada called a 'Triveni Sangam' state-border river?
It largely defines the MP-Maharashtra physiographic divide between Malwa and Satpura uplands
The Narmada Bachao Andolan was led by which activist?
Medha Patkar
Narmada: Why is it called 'lifeline of Madhya Pradesh'?
Flows entirely west across MP, supports Indore-Bhopal-Jabalpur cities; key irrigation source for Malwa.
Where does the Tapi rise?
Multai (Multapi), Betul district, Madhya Pradesh — on the Satpura range (~752 m)
All 266 questions are available in the interactive map quiz.
About this topic
This topic is part of the NCERT UPSC Core Geography syllabus, specifically the textbook NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar), drawn from the chapter Core Physical India — Rivers (peninsular focus). Content is cross-referenced against the latest NCERT textbook editions + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar, Satish Chandra for history; G.C. Leong, Savindra Singh for geography; the UPSC Civil Services prelims + mains syllabus).
Use the interactive India map to learn peninsular rivers — depth profile the way memory works best — by spatial location. Each pin opens a flashcard. Mark "Knew it" or "Didn't know" to track your mastery over time.
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