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UPSC CORE · NCERT GEOGRAPHY

Tiger Reserves 🐅

NCERT-aligned UPSC Core Geography topic from NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar). Every item is anchored to a real location on India's map — built for boards (CBSE, ICSE, state) and UPSC aspirants.

📚 NCERT TEXTBOOK ALIGNMENT
Class UPSC Geography — NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar).
58LOCATIONS
717QUESTIONS
UPSC CORENCERT LEVEL
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Key locations covered (58)

Sample questions (12 of 717)

In what year was Bandipur declared a Tiger Reserve?
1973 — among India's first nine Tiger Reserves under Project Tiger
What was Bandipur's tiger count in the 2022 census?
Approximately 150 tigers — second-highest after Corbett
Which biosphere does Bandipur anchor?
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve — together with Mudumalai, Wayanad, Nagarhole
Is Bandipur also a National Park or UNESCO site?
Yes — declared National Park in 1974. Within Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Not directly UNESCO.
2022 census ranking?
Part of the Nilgiri Biosphere — landscape holds India's 2nd-largest tiger population (~700 across Bandipur+Nagarhole+Mudumalai+Wayanad).
Bandipur Tiger Reserve notification year?
1973 (Project Tiger Phase I)
Bandipur TR area approximately?
About 912 sq km
Bandipur tiger population (2022 census)?
About 173 (Nilgiri landscape includes Bandipur)
Why is Bandipur Tiger Reserve ecologically significant?
Designated as Tiger Reserve: 1973 (one of original 9 PT reserves). Among 9 founding Project Tiger reserves; key part of Nilgiri Biosphere; ~150 tigers (2023); world's largest contiguous tiger-bearing landscape (with Mudumalai-Nagarhole-Wayanad).
What is the latest tiger census status and conservation framework for Bandipur Tiger Reserve?
Among 9 founding Project Tiger reserves; key part of Nilgiri Biosphere; ~150 tigers (2023); world's largest contiguous tiger-bearing landscape (with Mudumalai-Nagarhole-Wayanad). Protected under Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 and Project Tiger framework via NTCA (National Tiger Conservation Authority, statutory body since 2006); All-India Tiger Estimation conducted every 4 years.
What are the major threats and conflict areas in/around Bandipur Tiger Reserve?
Common Tiger Reserve threats: poaching for skins/bones/CITES trade, fragmentation by linear infrastructure (NH/railways), human-tiger conflict in fringe villages, prey-base depletion, livestock encroachment, and increasingly climate-induced changes in bamboo flowering, water availability and forest fire frequency. Site-specific: Among 9 founding Project Tiger reserves; key part of Nilgiri Biosphere; ~150 tigers (2023); world's largest contiguous tiger-bearing landscape (with Mudumalai-Nagarhole-Wayanad).
Discuss the protective legal framework around Bandipur Tiger Reserve.
Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972 (Tiger Reserve schedule), Project Tiger 1973, NTCA Act 2006 (post-Sariska crisis), CITES Appendix I (Panthera tigris listing), Forest (Conservation) Act 1980, Forest Rights Act 2006 (community management in buffer), and Critical Tiger Habitat (CTH) + Critical Wildlife Habitat (CWH) notifications.

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About this topic

This topic is part of the NCERT UPSC Core Geography syllabus, specifically the textbook NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar). Content is cross-referenced against the latest NCERT textbook editions + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar, Satish Chandra for history; G.C. Leong, Savindra Singh for geography; the UPSC Civil Services prelims + mains syllabus).

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