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UPSC CORE · NCERT GEOGRAPHY · MODERN INDIA — INC SESSIONS

Indian National Congress Sessions (1885-1946) 🇮🇳

NCERT-aligned UPSC Core Geography topic from NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar). Every item is anchored to a real location on India's map — built for boards (CBSE, ICSE, state) and UPSC aspirants.

📚 NCERT TEXTBOOK ALIGNMENT
Class UPSC Geography — NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar) — Chapter: Modern India — INC sessions.
25LOCATIONS
312QUESTIONS
UPSC CORENCERT LEVEL
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Key locations covered (25)

Sample questions (12 of 312)

When and where was the Indian National Congress founded?
28 December 1885 at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay — convened by retired British civil servant A.O. Hume.
Who presided over the first Congress session?
Womesh Chandra (W.C.) Bonnerjee, a Calcutta barrister, presided over the inaugural session of 72 delegates.
Why was the founding venue shifted from Poona to Bombay?
A cholera outbreak in Poona forced relocation to Bombay days before the session.
What was the original organisational aim of the INC?
To promote Indian unity across communities and to discuss public affairs — initially loyal to the British Crown, not anti-imperial.
How many delegates attended the first session and what classes did they represent?
72 delegates — lawyers, journalists, landlords, professionals — mostly English-educated middle class from across the presidencies.
Which earlier organisations preceded the INC?
Indian Association (1876, S.N. Banerjea), Bombay Presidency Association (1885), Madras Mahajan Sabha (1884), Poona Sarvajanik Sabha — all amalgamated into INC.
1st INC session at Bombay was held when?
28-31 December 1885
Venue at Bombay?
Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College
President of 1st Session?
W.C. Bonnerjee (Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee)
Founder credited with INC?
Allan Octavian Hume (A.O. Hume)
Number of delegates at Bombay 1885?
72
Who presided over the 1st Session — Bombay 1885?
President: Womesh Chandra (W.C.) Bonnerjee. Foundation of INC; founded by Allan Octavian Hume (retired ICS officer) at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay; 28-31 Dec 1885; 72 delegates; presided over by Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee.

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About this topic

This topic is part of the NCERT UPSC Core Geography syllabus, specifically the textbook NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar), drawn from the chapter Modern India — INC sessions. Content is cross-referenced against the latest NCERT textbook editions + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar, Satish Chandra for history; G.C. Leong, Savindra Singh for geography; the UPSC Civil Services prelims + mains syllabus).

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