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UPSC CORE · NCERT HISTORY · SATISH CHANDRA VOL I CH 9-10: VIJAYANAGARA EMPIRE + BAHMANI + 5 DECCAN SULTANATES

Vijayanagara + Bahmani 🏛️

NCERT-aligned UPSC Core History topic from NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar). Every item is anchored to a real location on India's map — built for boards (CBSE, ICSE, state) and UPSC aspirants.

📚 NCERT TEXTBOOK ALIGNMENT
Class UPSC History — NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar) — Chapter: Satish Chandra Vol I Ch 9-10: Vijayanagara empire + Bahmani + 5 Deccan Sultanates.
5LOCATIONS
70QUESTIONS
UPSC CORENCERT LEVEL
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Key locations covered (5)

Sample questions (12 of 70)

When + how was Vijayanagara founded?
1336 CE — by HARIHARA + BUKKA (Sangama brothers, sons of Bhavan, originally officers of the Hoysala/Kakatiya/Tughluq); per legend they had been captured by Muhammad bin Tughluq + converted to Islam, then RECONVERTED by sage VIDYARANYA (head of the Sringeri Math) + commissioned to found a Hindu kingdom. Founded "Vijayanagara" ("City of Victory") on the Tungabhadra river. Capital named after the goddess BHUVANESHVARI; spiritual centre of Vidyaranya.
Four Vijayanagara dynasties?
(i) SANGAMA (1336-1485) — Harihara I, Bukka I, Harihara II (the dynasty's peak under early kings); Devaraya II "Gajabetekara" ("hunter of elephants"). (ii) SALUVA (1485-1505) — Saluva Narasimha; brief usurper dynasty. (iii) TULUVA (1505-1570) — Krishnadevaraya peak (1509-29); GREATEST Vijayanagara age. (iv) ARAVIDU (1570-1646) — post-Talikota; retreated to Penukonda + Chandragiri; declining feudal power.
Bhavan, Vidyaranya, Madhvacharya — origin myth?
Per the JAIMINI BHARATA + Madhva Vijaya tradition: BHAVANA (Sangama, the founder of dynasty) was an officer at the court of the Hoysala or Kampili kingdoms; captured by Muhammad bin Tughluq during the Tughluq Deccan campaigns; converted to Islam; sent back to govern the area. Vidyaranya (later head of Sringeri Math; original name Madhava Vidyaranya) reconverted Harihara + Bukka to Hinduism; helped them found Vijayanagara as a Hindu BULWARK against Islamic expansion.
Vijayanagara at peak — extent?
Under KRISHNADEVARAYA (1509-29) — empire stretched from KRISHNA river (north) to KANYAKUMARI (south), Goa (west) to Vizag (east). Included most of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, parts of Maharashtra + Kerala. THE LARGEST + LONGEST-LASTING Hindu empire of medieval India — ruled for 310 years.
The four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagara (1336-1646) were:
Sangama (1336-1485), Saluva (1485-1505), Tuluva (1505-1570) — Krishnadevaraya from this line — and Aravidu (1570-1646).
Vijayanagara was founded by:
Harihara and Bukka (Sangama dynasty) in 1336, under the spiritual guidance of Vidyaranya (Sringeri math).
Vijayanagara empire was founded in?
1336 CE
Vijayanagara's founders were?
Harihara I and Bukka I (brothers)
Vijayanagara's founders were inspired by which saint?
Vidyaranya (Sringeri matha)
Vijayanagara's four dynasties were?
Sangama → Saluva → Tuluva → Aravidu
Sangama dynasty was the first dynasty (1336-1485). True/False?
True
Saluva dynasty was founded by?
Saluva Narasimha (1485)

All 70 questions are available in the interactive map quiz.

About this topic

This topic is part of the NCERT UPSC Core History syllabus, specifically the textbook NCERT Class 11/12 + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar), drawn from the chapter Satish Chandra Vol I Ch 9-10: Vijayanagara empire + Bahmani + 5 Deccan Sultanates. Content is cross-referenced against the latest NCERT textbook editions + standard reference works (Bipan Chandra, R.S. Sharma, Romila Thapar, Satish Chandra for history; G.C. Leong, Savindra Singh for geography; the UPSC Civil Services prelims + mains syllabus).

Use the interactive India map to learn vijayanagara + bahmani the way memory works best — by spatial location. Each pin opens a flashcard. Mark "Knew it" or "Didn't know" to track your mastery over time.

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